Go 这样设置版本号：我们的项目也可以

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"runtime"
)

func main() {
	fmt.Println("Go Version:", runtime.Version())
}

// buildVersion is the Go tree's version string at build time.
//
// If any GOEXPERIMENTs are set to non-default values, it will include
// "X:<GOEXPERIMENT>".
//
// This is set by the linker.
//
// This is accessed by "go version <binary>".
var buildVersion string

// Version returns the Go tree's version string.
// It is either the commit hash and date at the time of the build or,
// when possible, a release tag like "go1.3".
func Version() string {
	return buildVersion
}\

buildVersion := buildcfg.Version
if goexperiment := buildcfg.GOEXPERIMENT(); goexperiment != "" {
  buildVersion += " X:" + goexperiment
}
addstrdata1(ctxt, "runtime.buildVersion="+buildVersion)

var (
	defaultGOROOT string // set by linker

	GOROOT   = envOr("GOROOT", defaultGOROOT)
	GOARCH   = envOr("GOARCH", defaultGOARCH)
	GOOS     = envOr("GOOS", defaultGOOS)
	GO386    = envOr("GO386", defaultGO386)
	GOARM    = goarm()
	GOMIPS   = gomips()
	GOMIPS64 = gomips64()
	GOPPC64  = goppc64()
	GOWASM   = gowasm()
	GO_LDSO  = defaultGO_LDSO
	Version  = version
)

// mkbuildcfg writes internal/buildcfg/zbootstrap.go:
//
//	package buildcfg
//
//	const defaultGOROOT = <goroot>
//	const defaultGO386 = <go386>
//	...
//	const defaultGOOS = runtime.GOOS
//	const defaultGOARCH = runtime.GOARCH
//
// The use of runtime.GOOS and runtime.GOARCH makes sure that
// a cross-compiled compiler expects to compile for its own target
// system. That is, if on a Mac you do:
//
//	GOOS=linux GOARCH=ppc64 go build cmd/compile
//
// the resulting compiler will default to generating linux/ppc64 object files.
// This is more useful than having it default to generating objects for the
// original target (in this example, a Mac).
func mkbuildcfg(file string) {
	var buf bytes.Buffer
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "// Code generated by go tool dist; DO NOT EDIT.\n")
	fmt.Fprintln(&buf)
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "package buildcfg\n")
	fmt.Fprintln(&buf)
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "import \"runtime\"\n")
	fmt.Fprintln(&buf)
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "const defaultGO386 = `%s`\n", go386)
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "const defaultGOARM = `%s`\n", goarm)
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "const defaultGOMIPS = `%s`\n", gomips)
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "const defaultGOMIPS64 = `%s`\n", gomips64)
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "const defaultGOPPC64 = `%s`\n", goppc64)
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "const defaultGOEXPERIMENT = `%s`\n", goexperiment)
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "const defaultGO_EXTLINK_ENABLED = `%s`\n", goextlinkenabled)
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "const defaultGO_LDSO = `%s`\n", defaultldso)
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "const version = `%s`\n", findgoversion())
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "const defaultGOOS = runtime.GOOS\n")
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "const defaultGOARCH = runtime.GOARCH\n")

	writefile(buf.String(), file, writeSkipSame)
}

// findgoversion determines the Go version to use in the version string.
func findgoversion() string {
	// The $GOROOT/VERSION file takes priority, for distributions
	// without the source repo.
	path := pathf("%s/VERSION", goroot)
	if isfile(path) {
		...
	}

	// The $GOROOT/VERSION.cache file is a cache to avoid invoking
	// git every time we run this command. Unlike VERSION, it gets
	// deleted by the clean command.
	path = pathf("%s/VERSION.cache", goroot)
	if isfile(path) {
		return chomp(readfile(path))
	}

	// Show a nicer error message if this isn't a Git repo.
	if !isGitRepo() {
		fatalf("FAILED: not a Git repo; must put a VERSION file in $GOROOT")
	}

	// Otherwise, use Git.
	// What is the current branch?
	branch := chomp(run(goroot, CheckExit, "git", "rev-parse", "--abbrev-ref", "HEAD"))
	...

	// Cache version.
	writefile(tag, path, 0)

	return tag
}

// main.go
package main

import (
	"fmt"
)

var Version string

func main() {
	fmt.Println("Version:", Version)
}

#!/bin/sh

version=""

if [ -f "VERSION" ]; then
    version=`cat VERSION`
fi

if [[ -z $version ]]; then
    if [ -d ".git" ]; then
        version=`git symbolic-ref HEAD | cut -b 12-`-`git rev-parse HEAD`
    else
        version="unknown"
    fi
fi

go build -ldflags "-X main.Version=$version" main.go